Subtitle A--Amendments
to Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance
Act of 1954 and Related Statutes
Sec. 201. Food aid to developing countries.
Sec. 202. Trade and development assistance.
Sec. 203. Agreements regarding eligible countries
and private entities.
Sec. 204. Terms and conditions of sales.
Sec. 205. Use of local currency payment.
Sec. 206. Value-added foods.
Sec. 207. Eligible organizations.
Sec. 208. Generation and use of foreign currencies.
Sec. 209. General levels of assistance under Public
Law 480.
Sec. 210. Food Aid Consultative Group.
Sec. 211. Support of nongovernmental organizations.
Sec. 212. Commodity determinations.
Sec. 213. General provisions.
Sec. 214. Agreements.
Sec. 215. Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.
Sec. 216. Administrative provisions.
Sec. 217. Expiration date.
Sec. 218. Regulations.
Sec. 219. Independent evaluation of programs.
Sec. 220. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 221. Coordination of foreign assistance programs.
Sec. 222. Micronutrient fortification pilot program.
Sec. 223. Use of certain local currency.
Sec. 224. Farmer-to-farmer program.
Sec. 225. Food security commodity reserve.
Sec. 226. Protein byproducts derived from alcohol
fuel production.
Sec. 227. Food for progress program.
Sec. 228. Use of foreign currency proceeds from
export sales financing.
Sec. 229. Stimulation of foreign production.
Subtitle B--Amendments to Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
Sec. 241. Agricultural export promotion strategy.
Sec. 242. Implementation of commitments under Uruguay
Round Agreements.
Sec. 243. Export credits.
Sec. 244. Market access program.
Sec. 245. Export enhancement program.
Sec. 246. Arrival certification.
Sec. 247. Compliance.
Sec. 248. Regulations.
Sec. 249. Trade compensation and assistance programs.
Sec. 250. Foreign Agricultural Service.
Sec. 251. Reports.
Sec. 252. Foreign market development cooperator
program.
Subtitle C--Miscellaneous Agricultural Trade Provisions
Sec. 261. Edward R. Madigan United States Agricultural
Export Excellence
Award.
Sec. 262. Reporting requirements relating to tobacco.
Sec. 263. Triggered export enhancement.
Sec. 264. Disposition of commodities to prevent
waste.
Sec. 265. Debt-for-health-and-protection swap.
Sec. 266. Policy on expansion of international markets.
Sec. 267. Policy on maintenance and development
of export markets.
Sec. 268. Policy on trade liberalization.
Sec. 269. Agricultural trade negotiations.
Sec. 270. Policy on unfair trade practices.
Sec. 271. Agricultural aid and trade missions.
Sec. 272. Annual reports by agricultural attaches.
Sec. 273. World livestock market price information.
Sec. 274. Orderly liquidation of stocks.
Sec. 275. Sales of extra long staple cotton.
Sec. 276. Regulations.
Sec. 277. Emerging markets.
Sec. 278. Reimbursement for overhead expenses.
Sec. 279. Labeling of domestic and imported lamb
and mutton.
Sec. 280. Import assistance for CBI beneficiary
countries and the
Philippines.
Sec. 281. Studies, reports, and other provisions.
Sec. 282. Sense of Congress concerning multilateral
disciplines on
credit
guarantees.
Sec. 283. International Cotton Advisory Committee.
TITLE II--AGRICULTURAL TRADE
Subtitle A--Amendments to Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance
Act of 1954 and Related Statutes
SEC. 201. FOOD AID TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
(a) In General.--Section 3 of the Agricultural Trade
Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1691a) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 3. FOOD AID TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
``(a) Policy.--In light of the Uruguay Round Agreement
on
Agriculture and the Ministerial Decision on Measures Concerning the
Possible Negative Effects of the Reform Program on Least-Developed
and
Net-Food Importing Developing Countries, the United States reaffirms
the
commitment of the United States to providing food aid to developing
countries.
``(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress
that--
``(1) the President should initiate consultations with other
donor nations to consider
appropriate levels of food aid
commitments to meet the
legitimate needs of developing
countries; and
``(2) the United States should increase its contribution of
bona fide food assistance
to developing countries consistent
with the Agreement on Agriculture.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 411 of the Uruguay
Round
Agreements Act is amended by striking subsection (e) (19 U.S.C. 3611).
SEC. 202. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE.
Section 101 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1701) is amended--
(1) by striking ``developing countries'' each place it
appears and inserting ``developing
countries and private
entities''; and
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``and entities'' before
the period at the end.
SEC. 203. AGREEMENTS REGARDING ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES AND PRIVATE ENTITIES.
Section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1702) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 102. AGREEMENTS REGARDING ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES AND PRIVATE
ENTITIES.
``(a) Priority.--In selecting agreements to be entered
into under
this title, the Secretary shall give priority to agreements providing
for the export of agricultural commodities to developing countries
that--
``(1) have the demonstrated potential to become commercial
markets for competitively
priced United States agricultural
commodities;
``(2) are undertaking measures for economic development
purposes to improve food
security and agricultural development,
alleviate poverty, and promote
broad-based equitable and
sustainable development;
and
``(3) demonstrate the greatest need for food.
``(b) Private Entities.--An agreement entered into
under this title
with a private entity shall require such security, or such other
provisions as the Secretary determines necessary, to provide reasonable
and adequate assurance of repayment of the financing extended to the
private entity.
``(c) Agricultural Market Development Plan.--
``(1) Definition of agricultural trade organization.--In
this subsection, the term
`agricultural trade organization'
means a United States agricultural
trade organization that
promotes the export and
sale of a United States agricultural
commodity and that does
not stand to profit directly from the
specific sale of the commodity.
``(2) Plan.--The Secretary shall consider a developing
country for which an agricultural
market development plan has
been approved under this
subsection to have the demonstrated
potential to become a commercial
market for competitively priced
United States agricultural
commodities for the purpose of
granting a priority under
subsection (a).
``(3) Requirements.--
``(A) In general.--To be approved by the Secretary,
an agricultural market development plan shall--
``(i) be submitted by a developing country or
private entity, in conjunction with an
agricultural trade organization;
``(ii) describe a project or program for the
development and expansion of a commercial market
for a United States agricultural commodity in a
developing country, and the economic development
of the country, using funds derived from the sale
of agricultural commodities received under an
agreement described in section 101;
``(iii) provide for any matching funds that
are required by the Secretary for the project or
program;
``(iv) provide for a results-oriented means of
measuring the success of the project or program;
and
``(v) provide for graduation to the use of
non-Federal funds to carry out the project or
program, consistent with requirements established
by the Secretary.
``(B) Agricultural trade organization.--The project
or program shall be designed and carried out by the
agricultural trade organization.
``(C) Additional requirements.--An agricultural
market development plan shall contain such additional
requirements as are determined necessary by the
Secretary.
``(4) Administrative costs.--
``(A) In general.--The Secretary may make funds made
available to carry out this title available for the
reimbursement of administrative expenses incurred by
agricultural trade organizations in developing,
implementing, and administering agricultural market
development plans, subject to such requirements and in
such amounts as the Secretary considers appropriate.
``(B) Duration.--The funds may be made available to
agricultural trade organizations for the duration of the
applicable agricultural market development plan.
``(C) Termination.--The Secretary may terminate
assistance made available under this subsection if the
agricultural trade organization is not carrying out the
approved agricultural market development plan.''.
SEC. 204. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALES.
Section 103 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1703) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(2)(A)--
(A) by striking ``a recipient country to make''; and
(B) by striking ``such country'' and inserting ``the
appropriate country'';
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ``less than 10 nor''; and
(3) in subsection (d)--
(A) by striking ``recipient country'' and inserting
``developing country or private entity''; and
(B) by striking ``7'' and inserting ``5''.
SEC. 205. USE OF LOCAL CURRENCY PAYMENT.
Section 104 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1704) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ``recipient country'' and
inserting ``developing country
or private entity''; and
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) by striking ``recipient country'' each place it
appears and inserting ``appropriate developing
country''; and
(B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``recipient
countries'' and inserting ``appropriate developing
countries''.
Section 105 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1705) is repealed.
SEC. 207. ELIGIBLE ORGANIZATIONS.
(a) In General.--Section 202 of the Agricultural
Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1722) is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
``(b) Nonemergency Assistance.--
``(1) In general.--The Administrator may provide
agricultural commodities
for nonemergency assistance under this
title through eligible organizations
(as described in subsection
(d)) that have entered into
an agreement with the Administrator
to use the commodities in
accordance with this title.
``(2) Limitation.--The Administrator may not deny a request
for funds submitted under
this subsection because the program
for which the funds are
requested--
``(A) would be carried out by the eligible
organization in a foreign country in which the Agency
for International Development does not have a mission,
office, or other presence; or
``(B) is not part of a development plan for the
country prepared by the Agency.''; and
(2) in subsection (e)--
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Private
Voluntary Organizations and Cooperatives'' and inserting
``Eligible Organizations'';
(B) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking ``$13,500,000'' and inserting
``$28,000,000''; and
(ii) by striking ``private voluntary
organizations and cooperatives to assist such
organizations and cooperatives'' and inserting
``eligible organizations described in subsection
(d), to assist the organizations'';
(C) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the
following:
``(2) Request for funds.--To receive funds made available
under paragraph (1), an
eligible organization described in
subsection (d) shall submit
a request for the funds that is
subject to approval by the
Administrator.''; and
(D) in paragraph (3), by striking ``a private
voluntary organization or cooperative, the Administrator
may provide assistance to that organization or
cooperative'' and inserting ``an eligible organization,
the Administrator may provide assistance to the eligible
organization''.
(b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 207 of the Agricultural
Trade
Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1726a) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``a private voluntary
organization or cooperative''
each place it appears and
inserting ``an eligible
organization''; and
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``private
voluntary organizations and cooperatives'' and inserting
``eligible organizations''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``organizations,
cooperatives,'' and inserting ``eligible
organizations''.
SEC. 208. GENERATION AND USE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES.
Section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1723) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``, or in a country in
the same region,'' after
``in the recipient country'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by inserting ``or in countries in the same
region,'' after ``in recipient countries,''; and
(B) by striking ``10 percent'' and inserting ``15
percent'';
(3) in subsection (c), by inserting ``or in a country in the
same region,'' after ``in
the recipient country,''; and
(4) in subsection (d)(2), by inserting ``or within a country
in the same region'' after
``within the recipient country''.
SEC. 209. GENERAL LEVELS OF ASSISTANCE UNDER PUBLIC LAW 480.
Section 204 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1724) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``amount that''
and all that follows through the period at the end and
inserting ``amount that for each of fiscal years 1996
through 2002 is not less than 2,025,000 metric tons.'';
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``amount that''
and all that follows through the period at the end and
inserting ``amount that for each of fiscal years 1996
through 2002 is not less than 1,550,000 metric tons.'';
and
(C) in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the
following: ``No waiver shall be made before the
beginning of the applicable fiscal year.''; and
(2) in subsection (b)(1), by inserting before the period at
the end the following: ``and
that not less than 50 percent of
the quantity of the bagged
commodities that are whole grain
commodities be bagged in
the United States''.
SEC. 210. FOOD AID CONSULTATIVE GROUP.
Section 205 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1725) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ``private voluntary
organizations, cooperatives
and indigenous non-governmental
organizations'' and inserting
``eligible organizations described
in section 202(d)(1)'';
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``for
International Affairs and Commodity Programs'' and
inserting ``of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign
Agricultural Services'';
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the
end;
(C) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the
end and inserting ``; and''; and
(D) by adding at the end the following:
``(6) representatives from agricultural producer groups in
the United States.'';
(3) in the second sentence of subsection (d), by inserting
``(but at least twice per
year)'' after ``when appropriate'';
and
(4) in subsection (f), by striking ``1995'' and inserting
``2002''.
SEC. 211. SUPPORT OF NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.
(a) In General.--Section 306(b) of the Agricultural
Trade
Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1727e(b)) is amended--
(1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Indigenous Non-
Governmental'' and inserting
``Nongovernmental''; and
(2) by striking ``utilization of indigenous'' and inserting
``utilization of''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 402 of the Agricultural
Trade
Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1732) is amended by
striking paragraph (6) and inserting the following:
``(6) Nongovernmental organization.--The term
`nongovernmental organization'
means an organization that works
at the local level to solve
development problems in a foreign
country in which the organization
is located, except that the
term does not include an
organization that is primarily an
agency or instrumentality
of the government of the foreign
country.''.
SEC. 212. COMMODITY DETERMINATIONS.
Section 401 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1731) is amended--
(1) by striking subsections (a) through (d) and inserting
the following:
``(a) Availability of Commodities.--No agricultural
commodity shall
be available for disposition under this Act if the Secretary determines
that the disposition would reduce the domestic supply of the commodity
below the supply needed to meet domestic requirements and provide
adequate carryover (as determined by the Secretary), unless the Secretary
determines that some part of the supply should be used to carry out
urgent
humanitarian purposes under this Act.'';
(2) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections
(b) and (c), respectively;
and
(3) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated), by striking
``(e)(1)'' and inserting
``(b)(1)''.
Section 403 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1733) is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in the subsection heading, by striking
``Consultations'' and inserting ``Impact on Local
Farmers and Economy''; and
(B) by striking ``consult with'' and all that
follows through ``other donor organizations to'';
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) by striking ``from countries''; and
(B) by striking ``for use'' and inserting ``or
use'';
(3) in subsection (f)--
(A) by inserting ``or private entities, as
appropriate,'' after ``from countries''; and
(B) by inserting ``or private entities'' after
``such countries''; and
(4) in subsection (i)(2), by striking subparagraph (C).
Section 404 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1734) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``with foreign
countries'' after ``Before
entering into agreements'';
(2) in subsection (b)(2)--
(A) by inserting ``with foreign countries'' after
``with respect to agreements entered into''; and
(B) by inserting before the semicolon at the end the
following: ``and broad-based economic growth''; and
(3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (1) and
inserting the following:
``(1) In general.--Agreements to provide assistance on a
multi-year basis to recipient
countries or to eligible
organizations--
``(A) may be made available under titles I and III;
and
``(B) shall be made available under title II.''.
SEC. 215. USE OF COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION.
Section 406 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ``shall'' and inserting
``may''; and
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by striking ``this Act'' and inserting ``titles
II and III''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the
following:
``(4) the vessel freight charges from United States ports or
designated Canadian transshipment
ports, as determined by the
Secretary, to designated
ports of entry abroad;''.
SEC. 216. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.
Section 407 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736a) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or private
entity that enters into an agreement under title I''
after ``importing country''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the
following: ``Resulting contracts may contain such terms
and conditions as the Secretary determines are necessary
and appropriate.'';
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``importer
or'' before ``importing country''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting ``importer
or'' before ``importing country'';
(3) in subsection (d)--
(A) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the
following:
``(2) Freight procurement.--Notwithstanding the Federal
Property and Administrative
Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 471
et seq.) or other similar
provisions of law relating to the
making or performance of
Federal Government contracts, ocean
transportation under titles
II and III may be procured on the
basis of full and open competitive
procedures. Resulting
contracts may contain such
terms and conditions as the
Administrator determines
are necessary and appropriate.''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (4);
(4) in subsection (g)(2)--
(A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the
end;
(B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at
the end and inserting ``; and''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(D) an assessment of the progress towards
achieving food security in each country receiving food
assistance from the United States Government, with
special emphasis on the nutritional status of the
poorest populations in each country.''; and
(5) by striking subsection (h).
Section 408 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736b) is amended by striking ``1995'' and inserting
``2002''.
Section 409 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736c) is repealed.
SEC. 219. INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS.
Section 410 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736d) is repealed.
SEC. 220. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
Section 412 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736f) is amended--
(1) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting the
following:
``(b) Transfer of Funds.--
``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2) and
notwithstanding any other
provision of law, the President may
direct that up to 15 percent
of the funds available for any
fiscal year for carrying
out any title of this Act be used to
carry out any other title
of this Act.
``(2) Title iii funds.--The President may direct that up to
50 percent of the funds
available for any fiscal year for
carrying out title III be
used to carry out title II.''; and
(2) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections
(c) and (d), respectively.
SEC. 221. COORDINATION OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.
Section 413 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1736g) is amended by striking ``this Act'' each place
it appears and inserting ``title III''.
SEC. 222. MICRONUTRIENT FORTIFICATION PILOT PROGRAM.
Title IV of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of
1954 (7 U.S.C. 1731 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
``SEC. 415. <<NOTE: Establishment. Developing countries. 7 USC
1736g-
2.>> MICRONUTRIENT FORTIFICATION PILOT PROGRAM.
``(a) In General.--Subject to the availability of
practical
technology and to cost effectiveness, not later than September 30,
1997,
the Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator, shall establish
a
micronutrient fortification pilot program under this Act. The purpose
of
the program shall be to--
``(1) assist developing countries in correcting
micronutrient dietary deficiencies
among segments of the
populations of the countries;
and
``(2) encourage the development of technologies for the
fortification of whole grains
and other commodities that are
readily transferable to
developing countries.
``(b) Selection of Participating Countries.--From
among the
countries eligible for assistance under this Act, the Secretary may
select not more than 5 developing countries to participate in the pilot
program.
``(c) Fortification.--Under the pilot program, whole
grains and
other commodities made available to a developing country selected to
participate in the pilot program may be fortified with 1 or more
micronutrients (including vitamin A, iron, and iodine) with respect
to
which a substantial portion of the population in the country is
deficient. The commodity may be fortified in the United States or in
the
developing country.
``(d) Termination of Authority.--The authority to
carry out the
pilot program established under this section shall terminate on
September 30, 2002.''.
SEC. 223. USE OF CERTAIN LOCAL CURRENCY.
Title IV of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of
1954 (7 U.S.C. 1731 et seq.) (as amended by section 222) is amended
by
adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 416. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1736g-3.>> USE OF CERTAIN LOCAL CURRENCY.
``Local currency payments received by the United
States pursuant to
agreements entered into under title I (as in effect on November 27,
1990) may be utilized by the Secretary in accordance with section 108
(as in effect on November 27, 1990).''.
SEC. 224. FARMER-TO-FARMER PROGRAM.
Section 501 of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act
of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1737) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking paragraph (6) and
inserting the following:
``(6) to the extent that local currencies can be used to
meet the costs of a program
established under this section,
augment funds of the United
States that are available for such a
program through the use
of foreign currencies that accrue from
the sale of agricultural
commodities under this Act, and local
currencies generated from
other types of foreign assistance
activities, within the country
where the program is being
conducted.''; and
(2) in subsection (c)--
(A) by striking ``0.2'' and inserting ``0.4'';
(B) by striking ``1991 through 1995'' and inserting
``1996 through 2002''; and
(C) by striking ``0.1'' and inserting ``0.2''.
SEC. 225. FOOD SECURITY COMMODITY RESERVE.
(a) In General.--Title III of the Agricultural Act
of 1980 (7 U.S.C.
1736f-1 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:
``TITLE III <<NOTE: Food Security Commodity Reserve Act
of 1996.>> --
FOOD SECURITY COMMODITY RESERVE
``SEC. 301. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1736f-1 note.>> SHORT TITLE.
``This title may be cited as the `Food Security Commodity
Reserve
Act of 1996'.
``SEC. 302. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1736f-1.>> ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMODITY RESERVE.
``(a) In General.--To provide for a reserve solely
to meet emergency
humanitarian food needs in developing countries, the Secretary of
Agriculture (referred to in this title as the `Secretary') shall
establish a reserve stock of wheat, rice, corn, or sorghum, or any
combination of the commodities, totaling not more than 4,000,000 metric
tons for use as described in subsection (c).
``(b) Commodities in Reserve.--
``(1) In general.--The reserve established under this
section shall consist of--
``(A) wheat in the reserve established under the
Food Security Wheat Reserve Act of 1980 as of the date
of enactment of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and
Reform Act of 1996;
``(B) wheat, rice, corn, and sorghum (referred to in
this section as `eligible commodities') acquired in
accordance with paragraph (2) to replenish eligible
commodities released from the reserve, including wheat
to replenish wheat released from the reserve established
under the Food Security Wheat Reserve Act of 1980 but
not replenished as of the date of enactment of the Federal
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996; and
``(C) such rice, corn, and sorghum as the Secretary
may, at such time and in such manner as the Secretary
determines appropriate, acquire as a result of
exchanging an equivalent value of wheat in the reserve
established under this section.
``(2) Replenishment of reserve.--
``(A) In general.--Subject to subsection (h),
commodities of equivalent value to eligible commodities
in the reserve established under this section may be
acquired--
``(i) through purchases--
``(I) from producers; or
``(II) in the market, if the
Secretary determines that the purchases
will not unduly disrupt the market; or
``(ii) by designation by the Secretary of
stocks of eligible commodities of the Commodity
Credit Corporation.
``(B) Funds.--Any use of funds to acquire eligible
commodities through purchases from producers or in the
market to replenish the reserve must be authorized in an
appropriations Act.
``(c) Release of Eligible Commodities.--
``(1) Emergency assistance.--
``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), to
meet unanticipated need, the Secretary may release
eligible commodities in any fiscal year, without regard
to the availability of domestic supply of the
commodities, to provide emergency assistance to
developing countries under title II of the Agricultural
Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C.
1721 et seq.).
``(B) Release for emergency assistance.--If the
eligible commodities needed to meet unanticipated need
cannot be made available in a timely manner under normal
means for obtaining eligible commodities for food
assistance because of unanticipated need for emergency
assistance as provided under section 202(a) of the
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of
1954 (7 U.S.C. 1722(a)), the Secretary may in any fiscal
year release from the reserve--
``(i) up to 500,000 metric tons of wheat or
the equivalent value of eligible commodities other
than wheat; and
``(ii) up to 500,000 metric tons of any
eligible commodities under this paragraph that
could have been released but were not released in
prior fiscal years.
``(C) Waiver of minimum tonnage requirements.--
Nothing in this paragraph shall require a waiver under
section 204(a)(3) of the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1724(a)(3)) as a
prerequisite for the release of eligible commodities
under this paragraph.
``(2) Emergency food assistance.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, eligible
commodities designated or acquired
for the reserve established
under this section may
be released by the Secretary
to provide, on a donation or sale
basis, emergency food assistance
to developing countries at such
time as the domestic supply
of the eligible commodities is so
limited that quantities
of the eligible commodities cannot be
made available for disposition
under the Agricultural Trade
Development and Assistance
Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.)
(other than disposition
for urgent humanitarian purposes under
section 401 of the Act (7
U.S.C. 1731)).
``(3) Processing of eligible commodities.--Eligible
commodities that are released
from the reserve established under
this section may be processed
in the United States and shipped
to a developing country
when conditions in the recipient country
require processing.
``(4) Exchange.--The Secretary may exchange an eligible
commodity for another United
States commodity of equal value,
including powdered milk,
pulses, and vegetable oil.
``(5) Use of normal commercial practices.--To the maximum
extent practicable consistent
with the fulfillment of the
purposes of this section
and the effective and efficient
administration of this section,
the Secretary shall use the
usual and customary channels,
facilities, arrangements, and
practices of trade and commerce
to carry out this subsection.
``(d) Management of Eligible Commodities.--The Secretary
shall
provide--
``(1) for the management of eligible commodities in the
reserve established under
this section as to location and
quality of eligible commodities
needed to meet emergency
situations; and
``(2) for the periodic rotation or replacement of stocks of
eligible commodities in
the reserve to avoid spoilage and
deterioration of the commodities.
``(e) Treatment of Reserve Under Other Law.--Eligible
commodities in
the reserve established under this section shall not be--
``(1) considered a part of the total domestic supply
(including carryover) for
the purpose of subsection (c) or for
the purpose of administering
the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954
(7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.); and
``(2) subject to any quantitative limitation on exports that
may be imposed under section
7 of the Export Administration Act
of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App.
2406).
``(f) Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.--
``(1) In general.--Subject to the limitations provided in
this section, the funds,
facilities, and authorities of the
Commodity Credit Corporation
shall be used by the Secretary in
carrying out this section,
except that any restriction
applicable to the acquisition,
storage, or disposition of
eligible commodities owned
or controlled by the Commodity Credit
Corporation shall not apply.
``(2) Reimbursement.--
``(A) In general.--The Commodity Credit Corporation
shall be reimbursed for the release of eligible
commodities from funds made available to carry out the
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of
1954 (7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.).
``(B) Basis for reimbursement.--The reimbursement
shall be made on the basis of the lesser of--
``(i) the actual costs incurred by the
Commodity Credit Corporation with respect to the
eligible commodity; or
``(ii) the export market price of the eligible
commodity (as determined by the Secretary) as of
the time the eligible commodity is released from
the reserve.
``(C) Source of funds.--The reimbursement may be
made from funds appropriated for subsequent fiscal
years.
``(g) Finality of Determination.--Any determination
by the Secretary
under this section shall be final.
``(h) Termination of Authority.--
``(1) In general.--The authority to replenish stocks of
eligible commodities to
maintain the reserve established under
this section shall terminate
on September 30, 2002.
``(2) Disposal of eligible commodities.--Eligible
commodities remaining in
the reserve after September 30, 2002,
shall be disposed of by
release for use in providing for
emergency humanitarian food
needs in developing countries as
provided in this section.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 208(d) of the
Agricultural Trade
Suspension Adjustment Act of 1980 (7 U.S.C. 4001(d)) is amended by
striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
``(2) Applicability of certain provisions.--Subsections (c),
(d), (e), and (f)(2) of
section 302 of the Food Security
Commodity Reserve Act of
1996 shall apply to commodities in any
reserve established under
paragraph (1), except that the
references to `eligible
commodities' in the subsections shall be
deemed to be references
to `agricultural commodities'.''.
SEC. 226. PROTEIN BYPRODUCTS DERIVED FROM ALCOHOL FUEL PRODUCTION.
Section 1208 of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981
(7 U.S.C.
1736n) is repealed.
SEC. 227. FOOD FOR PROGRESS PROGRAM.
The Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o)
is amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) by striking ``(b)(1)'' and inserting
``(b)''; and
(ii) in the first sentence, by inserting
``intergovernmental organizations,'' after
``cooperatives,''; and
(B) by striking paragraph (2);
(2) in subsection (e)(4), by striking ``203'' and inserting
``406'';
(3) in subsection (f)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``in the case
of the independent states of the former Soviet Union,'';
(B) by striking paragraph (2);
(C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``for each of
fiscal years 1996 through 2002'' after ``may be used'';
and
(D) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) as
paragraphs (2) through (4), respectively;
(4) in subsection (g), by striking ``1995'' and inserting
``2002'';
(5) in subsection (j), by striking ``shall'' and inserting
``may'';
(6) in subsection (k), by striking ``1995'' and inserting
``2002'';
(7) in subsection (l)(1)--
(A) by striking ``1991 through 1995'' and inserting
``1996 through 2002''; and
(B) by inserting ``, and to provide technical
assistance for monetization programs,'' after
``monitoring of food assistance programs''; and
(8) in subsection (m)--
(A) by striking ``with respect to the independent
states of the former Soviet Union'';
(B) by striking ``private voluntary organizations
and cooperatives'' each place it appears and inserting
``agricultural trade organizations, intergovernmental
organizations, private voluntary organizations, and
cooperatives''; and
(C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``in the
independent states''.
SEC. 228. USE OF FOREIGN CURRENCY PROCEEDS FROM EXPORT SALES FINANCING.
Section 402 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 (22
U.S.C. 1922) is
repealed.
SEC. 229. STIMULATION OF FOREIGN PRODUCTION.
Section 7 of the Act of December 30, 1947 (61 Stat.
947, chapter
526; 50 U.S.C. App. 1917), is repealed.
Subtitle B--Amendments to Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
SEC. 241. AGRICULTURAL EXPORT PROMOTION STRATEGY.
(a) In General.--Section 103 of the Agricultural
Trade Act of 1978
(7 U.S.C. 5603) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 103. AGRICULTURAL EXPORT PROMOTION STRATEGY.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall develop a
strategy for
implementing Federal agricultural export promotion programs that takes
into account the new market opportunities for agricultural products,
including opportunities that result from--
``(1) the North American Free Trade Agreement and the
Uruguay Round Agreements;
``(2) any accession to membership in the World Trade
Organization;
``(3) the continued economic growth in the Pacific Rim; and
``(4) other developments.
``(b) Purpose of Strategy.--The strategy developed
under subsection
(a) shall encourage the maintenance, development, and expansion of
export markets for United States agricultural commodities and related
products, including high-value and value-added products.
``(c) Goals of Strategy.--The strategy developed
under subsection
(a) shall have the following goals:
``(1) Increase the value of United States agricultural
exports each year.
``(2) Increase the value of United States agricultural
exports each year at a faster
rate than the rate of increase in
the value of overall world
export trade in agricultural
products.
``(3) Increase the value of United States high-value and
value-added agricultural
exports each year.
``(4) Increase the value of United States high-value and
value-added agricultural
exports each year at a faster rate than
the rate of increase in
the value of overall world export trade
in high-value and value-added
agricultural products.
``(5) Ensure that to the extent practicable--
``(A) all obligations undertaken in the Uruguay
Round Agreement on Agriculture that significantly
increase access for United States agricultural
commodities are implemented to the extent required by
the Uruguay Round Agreements; or
``(B) applicable United States laws are used to
secure United States rights under the Uruguay Round
Agreement on Agriculture.
``(d) Priority Markets.--
``(1) Identification of markets.--In developing the strategy
required under subsection
(a), the Secretary shall annually
identify as priority markets--
``(A) those markets in which imports of agricultural
products show the greatest potential for increase; and
``(B) those markets in which, with the assistance of
Federal export promotion programs, exports of United
States agricultural products show the greatest potential
for increase.
``(2) <<NOTE: President.>> Identification of supporting
offices.--The President
shall identify annually in the budget of
the United States Government
submitted under section 1105 of
title 31, United States
Code, each overseas office of the
Foreign Agricultural Service
that provides assistance to United
States exporters in each
of the priority markets identified
under paragraph (1).''.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress
that--
(1) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
Representatives and the
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and
Forestry of the Senate should
conduct a thorough review of
agricultural export and
food aid programs not later than
December 31, 1998; and
(2) the review should examine what changes, if any, need to
be made in the programs
as a result of the effects of the
Agricultural Market Transition
Act, the Uruguay Round
Agreements, changing world
market conditions, and such other
factors as the committees
consider appropriate.
(c) Elimination of Report.--
(1) In general.--Section 601 of the Agricultural Trade Act
of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5711)
is repealed.
(2) Conforming amendment.--The last sentence of section 603
of the Agricultural Trade
Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5713) is amended
by striking ``, in a consolidated
report,'' and all that follows
through ``section 601''
and inserting ``or in a consolidated
report''.
SEC. 242. IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMITMENTS UNDER URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS.
(a) In General.--Title I of the Agricultural Trade
Act of 1978 (7
U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 106. <<NOTE: Evaluation. 7 USC 5606.>> IMPLEMENTATION OF
COMMITMENTS UNDER URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENTS.
``Not later than September 30 of each year, the Secretary
shall
evaluate whether the obligations undertaken by foreign countries under
the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture are being fully implemented.
If the Secretary has reason to believe (based on the evaluation) that
any foreign country, by not implementing the obligations of the country,
may be significantly constraining an opportunity for United States
agricultural exports, the Secretary shall--
``(1) submit the evaluation to the United States Trade
Representative; and
``(2) transmit a copy of the evaluation to the Committee on
Agriculture, and the Committee
on Ways and Means, of the House
of Representatives and the
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition,
and Forestry, and the Committee
on Finance, of the Senate.''.
(b) Monitoring Compliance With Sanitary and Phytosanitary
Measures.--Section 414 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C.
5674) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(c) Monitoring Compliance With Sanitary and Phytosanitary
Measures.--The Secretary shall monitor the compliance of World Trade
Organization member countries with the sanitary and phytosanitary
measures of the Agreement on Agriculture of the Uruguay Round of
Multilateral Trade Negotiations of the General Agreement on Tariffs
and
Trade. If the Secretary has reason to believe that any country may
have
failed to meet the commitment on sanitary and phytosanitary measures
under the Agreement in a manner that adversely impacts the exports
of a
United States agricultural commodity, the Secretary shall--
``(1) provide such information to the United States Trade
Representative of the circumstances
surrounding the matter
arising under this subsection;
and
``(2) <<NOTE: Reports.>> with respect to any such
circumstances that the Secretary
considers to have a continuing
adverse effect on United
States agricultural exports, report to
the Committee on Agriculture,
and the Committee on Ways and
Means, of the House of Representatives
and the Committee on
Agriculture, Nutrition,
and Forestry, and the Committee on
Finance, of the Senate--
``(A) that a country may have failed to meet the
sanitary and phytosanitary commitments; and
``(B) any notice given by the Secretary to the
United States Trade Representative.''.
(a) Export Credit Guarantee Program.--Section 202
of the
Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5622) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking ``Guarantees.--The'' and inserting
the following: ``Guarantees.--
``(1) In general.--The''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Supplier credits.--In carrying out this section, the
Commodity Credit Corporation
may issue guarantees for the
repayment of credit made
available for a period of not more than
180 days by a United States
exporter to a buyer in a foreign
country.'';
(2) in subsection (f)--
(A) by striking ``(f) Restrictions.--The'' and
inserting the following:
``(f) Restrictions.--
``(1) In general.--The''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Criteria for determination.--In making the
determination required under
paragraph (1) with respect to
credit guarantees under
subsection (b) for a country, the
Secretary may consider,
in addition to financial, macroeconomic,
and monetary indicators--
``(A) whether an International Monetary Fund standby
agreement, Paris Club rescheduling plan, or other
economic restructuring plan is in place with respect to
the country;
``(B) whether the country is addressing issues such
as--
``(i) the convertibility of the currency of
the country;
``(ii) adequate legal protection for foreign
investments;
``(iii) the viability of the financial markets
of the country; and
``(iv) adequate legal protection for the
private property rights of citizens of the
country; or
``(C) any other factors that are relevant to the
ability of the country to service the debt of the
country.'';
(3) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the following:
``(h) United States Agricultural Commodities.--The
Commodity Credit
Corporation shall finance or guarantee under this section only United
States agricultural commodities.'';
(4) in subsection (i)--
(A) by striking paragraph (1);
(B) by striking ``Institutions.--A financial'' and
inserting the following: ``Institutions.--
``(1) In general.--A financial'';
(C) by striking ``(2) is'' and inserting the
following:
``(A) is'';
(D) by striking ``(3) is'' and inserting the
following:
``(B) is''; and
(E) by adding at the end the following:
``(2) Third country banks.--The Commodity Credit Corporation
may guarantee under subsections
(a) and (b) the repayment of
credit made available to
finance an export sale irrespective of
whether the obligor is located
in the country to which the
export sale is destined.'';
and
(5) by striking subsection (k) and inserting the following:
``(k) Processed and High-Value Products.--
``(1) In general.--In issuing export credit guarantees under
this section, the Commodity
Credit Corporation shall, subject to
paragraph (2), ensure that
not less than 25 percent for each of
fiscal years 1996 and 1997,
30 percent for each of fiscal years
1998 and 1999, and 35 percent
for each of fiscal years 2000,
2001, and 2002, of the total
amount of credit guarantees issued
for a fiscal year is issued
to promote the export of processed
or high-value agricultural
products and that the balance is issued
to promote the export of
bulk or raw agricultural commodities.
``(2) Limitation.--The percentage requirement of paragraph
(1) shall apply for a fiscal
year to the extent that a reduction
in the total amount of credit
guarantees issued for the fiscal
year is not required to
meet the percentage requirement.''.
(b) Funding Levels.--Section 211 of the Agricultural
Trade Act of
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5641) is amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting
the following:
``(b) Export Credit Guarantee Programs.--
``(1) Export credit guarantees.--The Commodity Credit
Corporation shall make available
for each of fiscal years 1996
through 2002 not less than
$5,500,000,000 in credit guarantees
under subsections (a) and
(b) of section 202.
``(2) Limitation on origination fee.--Notwithstanding any
other provision of law,
the Secretary may not charge an
origination fee with respect
to any credit guarantee transaction
under section 202(a) in
excess of an amount equal to 1 percent
of the amount of credit
to be guaranteed under the transaction,
except with respect to an
export credit guarantee transaction
pursuant to section 1542(b)
of the Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade
Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-624; 7
U.S.C. 5622 note).''.
(c) Definition of United States Agricultural Commodity.--Section
102(7) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602(7)) is
amended by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the
following:
``(A) an agricultural commodity or product entirely
produced in the United States; or
``(B) a product of an agricultural commodity--
``(i) 90 percent or more of the agricultural
components of which by weight, excluding packaging
and added water, is entirely produced in the
United States; and
``(ii) that the Secretary determines to be a
high value agricultural product.''.
(d) <<NOTE: 7 USC 5622 note.>> Regulations.--Not
later than 180 days
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture
shall issue regulations to carry out the amendments made by this
section.
SEC. 244. MARKET ACCESS PROGRAM.
(a) Change of Name.--
(1) In general.--Section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act
of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623)
is amended--
(A) in the section heading, by striking ``market
promotion program'' and inserting ``market access
program''; and
(B) by striking ``marketing promotion program'' each
place it appears and inserting ``market access
program''.
(2) Conforming amendments.--
(A) Section 1302 of the Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-66; 7 U.S.C.
5623) is amended--
(i) in the section heading, by striking
``market promotion program'' and inserting
``market access program''; and
(ii) in subsection (b), <<NOTE: 7 USC 5623
note.>> by striking ``market promotion program''
each place it appears and inserting ``market
access program''.
(B) Section 211(c) of the Agricultural Trade Act of
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5641(c)) is amended--
(i) in the subsection heading, by striking
``Marketing Promotion Programs'' and inserting
``Market Access Programs'';
(ii) by striking ``market promotion
activities'' and inserting ``market access
activities'';
(iii) in paragraph (1), by striking ``market
development program'' and inserting ``market
access program''; and
(iv) in paragraph (2), by striking ``marketing
promotion program'' and inserting ``market access
program''.
(b) Use of Funds.--Section 203(f) of the Agricultural
Trade Act of
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``(4) Use of funds.--Funds made available to carry out this
section--
``(A) shall not be used to provide direct assistance
to any foreign for-profit corporation for the
corporation's use in promoting foreign-produced
products;
``(B) shall not be used to provide direct assistance
to any for-profit corporation that is not recognized as
a small-business concern described in section 3(a) of
the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632(a)), excluding--
``(i) a cooperative;
``(ii) an association described in the first
section of the Act entitled `An Act To authorize
association of producers of agricultural
products', approved February 18, 1922 (7 U.S.C.
291); and
``(iii) a nonprofit trade association; and
``(C) may be used by a United States trade
association, cooperative, or small business for
individual branded promotional activity related to a
United States branded product, if the beneficiaries of
the activity have provided funds for the activity in an
amount that is at least equivalent to the amount of
assistance provided under this section.''.
(c) Funding.-- <<NOTE: Effective date.>> Effective
October 1, 1995,
section 211(c)(1) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C.
5641(c)(1)) is amended--
(1) by striking ``and'' after ``1991 through 1993,''; and
(2) by striking ``through 1997,'' and inserting ``through
1995, and not more than
$90,000,000 for each of fiscal years
1996 through 2002,''.
SEC. 245. EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.
(a) In General.-- <<NOTE: Effective date.>>
Effective October 1,
1995, section 301(e) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C.
5651(e)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the
following:
``(1) In general.--The Commodity Credit Corporation shall
make available to carry
out the program established under this
section not more than--
``(A) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 1996;
``(B) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 1997;
``(C) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 1998;
``(D) $550,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;
``(E) $579,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;
``(F) $478,000,000 for fiscal year 2001; and
``(G) $478,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.''.
(b) Priority Funding for Intermediate Products.--Section
301 of the
Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5651) is amended by adding
at
the end the following:
``(h) Priority Funding for Intermediate Products.--
``(1) <<NOTE: Effective date.>> In general.--Effective
beginning in fiscal year
1996, and consistent, as determined by
the Secretary, with the
obligations and reduction commitments
undertaken by the United
States under the Uruguay Round
Agreements, the Secretary
may make available not more than
$100,000,000 for each fiscal
year under this section for the
sale of intermediate agricultural
products in sufficient
quantities to attain the
volume of export sales consistent with
the volume of intermediate
agricultural products exported by the
United States during the
Uruguay Round base period years of 1986
through 1990.
``(2) Additional assistance.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1),
if the export sale of any
intermediate agricultural product
attains the volume of export
sales consistent with the volume of
the intermediate agricultural
product exported by the United
States during the Uruguay
Round base period years of 1986
through 1990, the Secretary
may make available additional
amounts under this section
for the encouragement of export sales
of the intermediate agricultural
product.''.
SEC. 246. ARRIVAL CERTIFICATION.
Section 401 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
(7 U.S.C. 5661) is
amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
``(a) <<NOTE: Records.>> Arrival Certification.--With
respect to a
commodity provided, or for which financing or a credit guarantee or
other assistance is made available, under a program authorized in
section 201, 202, or 301, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall require
the exporter of the commodity to maintain records of an official or
customary commercial nature or other documents as the Secretary may
require, and shall allow representatives of the Commodity Credit
Corporation access to the records or documents as needed, to verify
the
arrival of the commodity in the country that is the intended destination
of the commodity.''.
Section 402(a) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
(7 U.S.C.
5662(a)) is amended--
(1) by striking paragraph (2); and
(2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).
Section 404 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
(7 U.S.C. 5664) is
repealed.
SEC. 249. TRADE COMPENSATION AND ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.
Subtitle B of title IV of the Agricultural Trade
Act of 1978 (7
U.S.C. 5671 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 417. <<NOTE: 7 USC 5677.>> TRADE COMPENSATION AND ASSISTANCE
PROGRAMS.
``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection
(f),
notwithstanding any other provision of law, if, after the date of
enactment of this section, the President or any other member of the
executive branch causes exports from the United States to any country
to
be unilaterally suspended for reasons of national security or foreign
policy, and if within 90 days after the date on which the suspension
is
imposed on United States exports no other country with an agricultural
economic interest agrees to participate in the suspension, the Secretary
shall carry out a trade compensation assistance program in accordance
with this section (referred to in this section as a `program').
``(b) Compensation or Provision of Funds.--Under
a program, the
Secretary shall, based on an evaluation by the Secretary of the method
most likely to produce the greatest compensatory benefit for producers
of the commodity involved in the suspension--
``(1) compensate producers of the commodity by making
payments available to producers,
as provided by subsection
(c)(1); or
``(2) make available an amount of funds calculated under
subsection (c)(2), to promote
agricultural exports or provide
agricultural commodities
to developing countries under any
authorities available to
the Secretary.
``(c) Determination of Amount of Compensation or
Funds.--
``(1) Compensation.--If the Secretary makes payments
available to producers under
subsection (b)(1), the amount of
the payment shall be determined
by the Secretary based on the
Secretary's estimate of
the loss suffered by producers of the
commodity involved due to
any decrease in the price of the
commodity as a result of
the suspension.
``(2) Determination of amount of funds.--For each fiscal
year of a program, the amount
of funds made available under
subsection (b)(2) shall
be equal to 90 percent of the average
annual value of United States
agricultural exports to the
country with respect to
which exports are suspended during the
most recent 3 years prior
to the suspension for which data are
available.
``(d) Duration of Program.--For each suspension of
exports for which
a program is implemented under this section, funds shall be made
available under subsection (b) for each fiscal year or part of a fiscal
year for which the suspension is in effect, but not to exceed 3 fiscal
years.
``(e) Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Secretary
shall use funds
of the Commodity Credit Corporation to carry out this section.
``(f) Exception to Carrying Out a Program.--This
section shall not
apply to any suspension of trade due to a war or armed hostility.
``(g) Partial Year Embargoes.--If the Secretary
makes funds
available under subsection (b)(2), regardless of whether an embargo
is
in effect for only part of a fiscal year, the full amount of funds
as
calculated under subsection (c)(2) shall be made available under a
program for the fiscal year. If the Secretary determines that making
the
required amount of funds available in a partial fiscal year is
impracticable, the Secretary may make all or part of the funds required
to be made available in the following fiscal year
(in addition to any funds otherwise required under a program to be
made
available in the following fiscal year).
``(h) Short Supply Embargoes.--If the President
or any other member
of the executive branch causes exports to be suspended based on a
determination of short supply, the Secretary shall carry out section
1002 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 1310).''.
SEC. 250. FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL SERVICE.
Section 503 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
(7 U.S.C. 5693) is
amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 503. DUTIES OF FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL SERVICE.
``The Service shall assist the Secretary in carrying
out the
agricultural trade policy and international cooperation policy of the
United States by--
``(1) acquiring information pertaining to agricultural
trade;
``(2) carrying out market promotion and development
activities;
``(3) providing agricultural technical assistance and
training; and
``(4) carrying out the programs authorized under this Act,
the Agricultural Trade Development
and Assistance Act of 1954 (7
U.S.C. 1691 et seq.), and
other Acts.''.
The first sentence of section 603 of the Agricultural
Trade Act of
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5713) is amended by striking ``The'' and inserting
``Subject to section 217 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization
Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6917), the''.
SEC. 252. FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT COOPERATOR PROGRAM.
The Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5601
et seq.) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
``TITLE VII--FOREIGN MARKET DEVELOPMENT COOPERATOR PROGRAM
``SEC. 701. <<NOTE: 7 USC 5721.>> DEFINITION OF ELIGIBLE TRADE
ORGANIZATION.
``In this title, the term `eligible trade organization'
means a
United States trade organization that--
``(1) promotes the export of 1 or more United States
agricultural commodities
or products; and
``(2) does not have a business interest in or receive
remuneration from specific
sales of agricultural commodities or
products.
``SEC. 702. <<NOTE: Establishment. 7 USC 5722.>> FOREIGN MARKET
DEVELOPMENT COOPERATOR PROGRAM.
``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish
and, in cooperation
with eligible trade organizations, carry out a foreign market
development cooperator program to maintain and develop foreign markets
for United States agricultural commodities and products.
``(b) Administration.--Funds made available to carry
out
this title
shall be used only to provide--
``(1) cost-share assistance to an eligible trade
organization under a contract
or agreement with the
organization; and
``(2) assistance for other costs that are necessary or
appropriate to carry out
the foreign market development
cooperator program, including
contingent liabilities that are
not otherwise funded.
``SEC. 703. <<NOTE: 7 USC 5723.>> AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry
out this title
such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1996 through
2002.''.
Subtitle C--Miscellaneous Agricultural Trade Provisions
SEC. 261. <<NOTE: 7 USC 5678.>> EDWARD R. MADIGAN
UNITED STATES
AGRICULTURAL EXPORT EXCELLENCE AWARD.
(a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
(1) United States producers of agricultural products are
some of the most productive
and efficient producers of
agricultural products in
the world;
(2) continued growth and expansion of markets for United
States agricultural exports
is crucial to the continued
development and economic
well-being of rural areas of the United
States and the agricultural
sector of the United States economy;
(3) in recent years, United States agricultural exports have
steadily increased, surpassing
$54,000,000,000 in value in 1995;
(4) as United States agricultural producers move toward a
market-oriented system in
which planting and other decisions by
producers are driven by
national and international market
signals, developing new
and expanding agricultural export
markets is vital to maintaining
a vibrant and healthy
agricultural sector and
rural economy; and
(5) a United States agricultural export excellence award
will increase United States
agricultural exports by--
(A) identifying efforts of United States entities to
develop and expand markets for United States
agricultural exports through the development of new
products and services and through the use of innovative
marketing techniques;
(B) recognizing achievements of those who have
exhibited or supported entrepreneurial efforts to expand
and create new markets for United States agricultural
exports or increase the volume or value of United States
agricultural exports; and
(C) disseminating information on successful methods
used to develop and expand markets for United States
agricultural exports.
(b) Establishment.--There is established the Edward
R. Madigan
United States Agricultural Export Excellence Award, which shall be
evidenced by a medal bearing the inscription ``Edward R. Madigan United
States Agricultural Export Excellence Award''. The medal shall be of
such design and materials and bear such additional inscriptions as
the
Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the
``Secretary'') may prescribe.
(c) <<NOTE: President.>> Selection of Recipient.--The
President or
the Secretary (on the basis of recommendations received from the board
established under subsection (h)) shall periodically provide the award
to companies and other entities that in the judgment of the President
or
the Secretary substantially encourage entrepreneurial efforts in the
food and agriculture sector for advancing United States agricultural
exports.
(d) <<NOTE: President.>> Presentation of Award.--The
presentation of
the award shall be made by the President or the Secretary with such
ceremonies as the President or the Secretary considers proper.
(e) Publication of Award.--An entity to which an
award is made under
this section may publicize the receipt of the award by the entity and
use the award in advertising of the entity.
(f) Categories for Which Award May Be Given.--Separate
awards shall
be made to qualifying entities in each of the following categories:
(1) Development of new products or services for agricultural
export markets.
(2) Development of new agricultural export markets.
(3) Creative marketing of products or services in
agricultural export markets.
(g) Criteria for Qualification.--An entity may qualify
for an award
under this section only if the entity--
(1)(A) applies to the board established under subsection (h)
in writing for the award;
or
(B) is recommended for the award by a Governor of a State;
(2)(A) has exhibited significant entrepreneurial effort to
create new markets for United
States agricultural exports or
increase United States agricultural
exports; or
(B) has provided significant assistance to others in an
effort to create new markets
for United States agricultural
exports or increase United
States agricultural exports;
(3) has not received another award in the same category
under subsection (f) during
the preceding 5-year period; and
(4) meets such other requirements and specifications as the
Secretary determines are
appropriate to achieve the objectives
of this section.
(h) Board.--
(1) Selection.--The Secretary shall appoint a board of
evaluators, consisting of
at least 5 individuals from the
private sector selected
for their knowledge and experience in
exporting United States
agricultural products.
(2) Meetings.--The board shall meet at least once annually
to review and evaluate all
applicants and entities recommended
by States under subsection
(g)(1).
(3) <<NOTE: Reports.>> Recommendations of board.--The board
shall report its recommendations
concerning the making of the
award to the Secretary.
(4) Term.--Each member of the board may serve a term of not
to exceed 3 years.
(i) Funding.--The Secretary may seek and accept gifts
from public
and private sources to carry out this section.
SEC. 262. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO TOBACCO.
Section 214 of the Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983
(7 U.S.C. 509) is
repealed.
SEC. 263. TRIGGERED EXPORT ENHANCEMENT.
(a) Readjustment of Support Levels.--Section 1302
of the Omnibus
Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-508; 7 U.S.C. 1421
note) is repealed.
(b) Triggered Marketing Loans and Export Enhancement.--Section
4301
of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-
418; 7 U.S.C. 1446 note) is repealed.
(c) <<NOTE: 7 USC 1421 note.>> Effective Date.--The
amendments made
by this section shall be effective beginning with the 1996 crops of
wheat, feed grains, upland cotton, and rice.
SEC. 264. DISPOSITION OF COMMODITIES TO PREVENT WASTE.
Section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C.
1431) is
amended--
(1) in subsection (b)--
(A) in paragraph (7)--
(i) in subparagraph (D)(iv), by striking ``one
year of acquisition'' and all that follows through
the period at the end and inserting the following:
``a reasonable length of time, as determined by
the Secretary, except that the Secretary may
permit the use of proceeds in a country other than
the country of origin--
``(I) as necessary to expedite the transportation of
commodities and products furnished under this
subsection; or
``(II) if the proceeds are generated in a currency
generally accepted in the other country.''; and
(ii) by striking the sentence following
subparagraph (F) and inserting the following:
``The Secretary may approve the use of proceeds or
services realized from the sale or barter of a
commodity furnished under this subsection by a
nonprofit voluntary agency, cooperative, or
intergovernmental agency or organization to meet
administrative expenses incurred in connection
with activities undertaken under this
subsection.'';
(B) in paragraph (8), by striking subparagraph (C);
and
(C) by striking paragraphs (10), (11), and (12); and
(2) by striking subsection (c).
SEC. 265. DEBT-FOR-HEALTH-AND-PROTECTION SWAP.
(a) In General.--Section 1517 of the Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 1706) is repealed.
(b) Technical Amendment.--Subsection (e)(3) of the
Food for Progress
Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o(e)(3)) is amended by striking ``section
106'' and inserting ``section 103''.
SEC. 266. POLICY ON EXPANSION OF INTERNATIONAL MARKETS.
Section 1207 of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981
(7 U.S.C.
1736m) is repealed.
SEC. 267. POLICY ON MAINTENANCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORT MARKETS.
Section 1121 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7
U.S.C. 1736p) is
amended--
(1) by striking subsection (a); and
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by striking ``(b)''; and
(B) by striking paragraphs (1) through (4) and
inserting the following:
``(1) be the premier supplier of agricultural and food
products to world markets
and expand exports of high value
products;
``(2) support the principle of free trade and the promotion
of fair trade in agricultural
commodities and products;
``(3) cooperate fully in all efforts to negotiate with
foreign countries further
reductions in tariff and nontariff
barriers to trade, including
sanitary and phytosanitary measures
and trade-distorting subsidies;
``(4) aggressively counter unfair foreign trade practices as
a means of encouraging fairer
trade;''.
SEC. 268. POLICY ON TRADE LIBERALIZATION.
Section 1122 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7
U.S.C. 1736q) is
repealed.
SEC. 269. AGRICULTURAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS.
Section 1123 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7
U.S.C. 1736r) is
amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 1123. TRADE NEGOTIATIONS POLICY.
``(a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
``(1) on a level playing field, United States producers are
the most competitive suppliers
of agricultural products in the
world;
``(2) exports of United States agricultural products
accounted for $54,000,000,000
in 1995, contributing a net
$24,000,000,000 to the merchandise
trade balance of the United
States and supporting approximately
1,000,000 jobs;
``(3) increased agricultural exports are critical to the
future of the farm, rural,
and overall United States economy,
but the opportunities for
increased agricultural exports are
limited by the unfair subsidies
of the competitors of the United
States, and a variety of
tariff and nontariff barriers to highly
competitive United States
agricultural products;
``(4) international negotiations can play a key role in
breaking down barriers to
United States agricultural exports;
``(5) the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture made
significant progress in
the attainment of increased market
access opportunities for
United States exports of agricultural
products, for the first
time--
``(A) restraining foreign trade-distorting domestic
support and export subsidy programs; and
``(B) developing common rules for the application of
sanitary and phytosanitary restrictions;
that should result in increased
exports of United States
agricultural products, jobs,
and income growth in the United
States;
``(6) the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture did not
succeed in completely eliminating
trade distorting domestic
support and export subsidies
by--
``(A) allowing the European Union to continue
unreasonable levels of spending on export subsidies; and
``(B) failing to discipline monopolistic state
trading entities, such as the Canadian Wheat Board, that
use nontransparent and discriminatory pricing as a hidden de
facto export subsidy;
``(7) during the period 1996 through 2002, there will be
several opportunities for
the United States to negotiate fairer
trade in agricultural products,
including further negotiations
under the World Trade Organization,
and steps toward possible
free trade agreements of
the Americas and Asian-Pacific Economic
Cooperation (APEC); and
``(8) the United States should aggressively use these
opportunities to achieve
more open and fair opportunities for
trade in agricultural products.
``(b) Goals of the United States in Agricultural
Trade
Negotiations.--The objectives of the United States with respect to
future negotiations on agricultural trade include--
``(1) increasing opportunities for United States exports of
agricultural products by
eliminating tariff and nontariff
barriers to trade;
``(2) leveling the playing field for United States producers
of agricultural products
by limiting per unit domestic
production supports to levels
that are no greater than those
available in the United
States;
``(3) ending the practice of export dumping by eliminating
all trade distorting export
subsidies and disciplining state
trading entities so that
they do not (except in cases of bona
fide food aid) sell in foreign
markets at prices below domestic
market prices or prices
below their full costs of acquiring and
delivering agricultural
products to the foreign markets; and
``(4) encouraging government policies that avoid price-
depressing surpluses.''.
SEC. 270. POLICY ON UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES.
Section 1164 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (Public
Law 99-198; 99
Stat. 1499) is repealed.
SEC. 271. AGRICULTURAL AID AND TRADE MISSIONS.
(a) In General.--The Agricultural Aid and Trade Missions
Act (7
U.S.C. 1736bb et seq.) is repealed.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 7 of Public Law
100-277 (7 U.S.C.
1736bb note) is repealed.
SEC. 272. ANNUAL REPORTS BY AGRICULTURAL ATTACHES.
Section 108(b)(1)(B) of the Agricultural Act of 1954
(7 U.S.C.
1748(b)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``including fruits, vegetables,
legumes, popcorn and ducks''.
SEC. 273. WORLD LIVESTOCK MARKET PRICE INFORMATION.
Section 1545 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation,
and Trade Act
of 1990 (Public Law 101-624; 7 U.S.C. 1761 note) is repealed.
SEC. 274. ORDERLY LIQUIDATION OF STOCKS.
Sections 201 and 207 of the Agricultural Act of 1956
(7 U.S.C. 1851
and 1857) are repealed.
SEC. 275. SALES OF EXTRA LONG STAPLE COTTON.
Section 202 of the Agricultural Act of 1956 (7 U.S.C.
1852) is
repealed.
Section 707 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging
Eurasian
Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-511;
7
U.S.C. 5621 note) is amended by striking subsection (d).
(a) Promotion of Agricultural Exports to Emerging
Markets.--
(1) Emerging markets.--Section 1542 of the Food,
Agriculture, Conservation,
and Trade Act of 1990 (Public Law
101-624; 7 U.S.C. 5622 note)
is amended--
(A) in the section heading, by striking ``emerging
democracies'' and inserting ``emerging markets'';
(B) by striking ``emerging democracies'' each place
it appears in subsections (b), (d), and (e) and
inserting ``emerging markets'';
(C) in subsection (c), by striking ``emerging
democracy'' each place it appears and inserting
``emerging market''; and
(D) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the
following:
``(f) Emerging Market.--In this section and section
1543, the term
`emerging market' means any country that the Secretary determines--
``(1) is taking steps toward a market-oriented economy
through the food, agriculture,
or rural business sectors of the
economy of the country;
and
``(2) has the potential to provide a viable and significant
market for United States
agricultural commodities or products of
United States agricultural
commodities.''.
(2) Funding.--Section 1542 of the Food, Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade
Act of 1990 is amended by striking
subsection (a) and inserting
the following:
``(a) Funding.--The Commodity Credit Corporation
shall make
available for fiscal years 1996 through 2002 not less than
$1,000,000,000 of direct credits or export credit guarantees for exports
to emerging markets under section 201 or 202 of the Agricultural Trade
Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5621 and 5622), in addition to the amounts
acquired or authorized under section 211 of the Act (7 U.S.C. 5641)
for
the program.''.
(3) Agricultural fellowship program.--Section 1542 of the
Food, Agriculture, Conservation,
and Trade Act of 1990 is
amended--
(A) in subsection (b), by striking the last sentence
and inserting the following: ``The Commodity Credit
Corporation shall give priority under this subsection
to--
``(A) projects that encourage the privatization of the
agricultural sector or that
benefit private farms or
cooperatives in emerging
markets; and
``(B) projects for which nongovernmental persons agree to
assume a relatively larger
share of the costs.''; and
(B) in subsection (d)--
(i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ``the Soviet Union'' and inserting
``emerging markets'';
(ii) in paragraph (1)--
(I) in subparagraph (A)(i)--
(aa) by striking ``1995''
and inserting ``2002''; and
(bb) by striking ``those
systems, and identify'' and
inserting ``the systems,
including potential reductions
in trade barriers, and identify
and carry out'';
(II) in subparagraph (B), by
striking ``shall'' and inserting
``may'';
(III) in subparagraph (D), by
inserting ``(including the establishment
of extension services)'' after
``technical assistance'';
(IV) by striking subparagraph (F);
and
(V) by redesignating subparagraphs
(G), (H), and (I) as subparagraphs (F),
(G), and (H), respectively;
(iii) in paragraph (2)--
(I) by striking ``the Soviet Union''
each place it appears and inserting
``emerging markets'';
(II) in subparagraph (A), by
striking ``a free market food production
and distribution system'' and inserting
``free market food production and
distribution systems'';
(III) in subparagraph (B)--
(aa) in clause (i), by
striking ``Government'' and
inserting ``governments'';
(bb) in clause (iii)(II), by
striking ``and'' at the end;
(cc) in clause (iii)(III),
by striking the period at the
end and inserting ``; and''; and
(dd) by adding at the end of
clause (iii) the following:
``(IV) to provide for the exchange
of administrators and faculty members
from agricultural and other institutions
to strengthen and revise educational
programs in agricultural economics,
agribusiness, and agrarian law, to
support change towards a free market
economy in emerging markets.'';
(IV) by striking subparagraph (D);
and
(V) by redesignating subparagraph
(E) as subparagraph (D); and
(iv) by striking paragraph (3).
(4) United states agricultural commodity.--Subsections (b)
and (c) of section 1542
of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation,
and Trade Act of 1990 <<NOTE:
7 USC 5622 note.>> are amended by
striking ``section 101(6)''
each place it appears and inserting
``section 102(7)''.
(5) Report.--The first sentence of section 1542(e)(2) of the
Food, Agriculture, Conservation,
and Trade Act of 1990 is
amended by striking ``Not''
and inserting ``Subject to section
217 of the Department of
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994
(7 U.S.C. 6917), not''.
(b) Agricultural Fellowship Program for Middle Income
Countries,
Emerging Democracies, and Emerging Markets.--Section 1543 of the Food,
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293) is
amended--
(1) in the section heading, by striking ``middle income
countries and emerging democracies''
and inserting ``middle
income countries, emerging
democracies, and emerging markets'';
(2) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the following:
``(5) Emerging market.--Any emerging market, as defined in
section 1542(f).''; and
(3) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ``food needs'' and
inserting ``food and fiber
needs''.
(c) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Section 501 of the Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (7
U.S.C. 1737) is amended--
(A) in subsection (a), by striking ``emerging
democracies'' and inserting ``emerging markets''; and
(B) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (1) and
inserting the following:
``(1) Emerging market.--The term `emerging market' means any
country that the Secretary
determines--
``(A) is taking steps toward a market-oriented
economy through the food, agriculture, or rural business
sectors of the economy of the country; and
``(B) has the potential to provide a viable and
significant market for United States agricultural
commodities or products of United States agricultural
commodities.''.
(2) Section 201(d)(1)(C)(ii) of the Agricultural Trade Act
of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5621(d)(1)(C)(ii))
is amended by striking
``emerging democracies''
and inserting ``emerging markets''.
(3) Section 202(d)(3)(B) of the Agricultural Trade Act of
1978 (7 U.S.C. 5622(d)(3)(B))
is amended by striking ``emerging
democracies'' and inserting
``emerging markets''.
SEC. 278. REIMBURSEMENT FOR OVERHEAD EXPENSES.
Section 1542(d)(1)(D) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation,
and
Trade Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-624; 7 U.S.C. 5622 note) is amended
by
adding at the end the following: ``Notwithstanding any other provision
of law, the assistance shall include assistance for administrative
and
overhead expenses of the International Cooperation and Development
Program Area of the Foreign Agriculture Service, to the extent that
the
expenses were incurred pursuant to reimbursable agreements entered
into
prior to September 30, 1993, the expenses do not exceed $2,000,000
per
year, and the expenses are not incurred for information technology
systems.''.
SEC. 279. LABELING OF DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED LAMB AND MUTTON.
Section 7 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21
U.S.C. 607) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
``(f) <<NOTE: Standards.>> Lamb and Mutton.--The
Secretary,
consistent with United States international obligations, shall establish
standards for the labeling of sheep carcasses, parts of sheep carcasses,
sheepmeat, and sheepmeat food products.''.
SEC. 280. IMPORT ASSISTANCE FOR CBI BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES
AND THE
PHILIPPINES.
Section 583 of Public Law 100-202 (101 Stat. 1329-182) is repealed.
SEC. 281. STUDIES, REPORTS, AND OTHER PROVISIONS.
(a) <<NOTE: 7 USC 624 note.>> In General.--Sections
1551 through
1555, section 1558, and section 1559 of subtitle E of title XV of the
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (Public Law
101-
624; 104 Stat. 3696) (as redesignated by section 1011(d) of the Federal
Reports Elimination and Sunset Act of 1995 (Public Law 104-66; 109
Stat.
709)) are repealed.
(b) Language Proficiency.--Section 1556 of the Food,
Agriculture,
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-624; 7 U.S.C. 5694
note) is amended by striking subsection (c).
SEC. 282. SENSE OF CONGRESS CONCERNING MULTILATERAL
DISCIPLINES ON
CREDIT GUARANTEES.
It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) in negotiations to establish multilateral disciplines on
agricultural export credits
and credit guarantees, the United
States should not agree
to any arrangement that is incompatible
with the provisions of United
States law that authorize
agricultural export credits
and credit guarantees;
(2) in the negotiations (which are held under the auspices
of the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development),
the United States should
not reach any agreement that fails to
impose disciplines on the
practices of foreign government
trading entities such as
the Australian Wheat Board, the
Canadian Wheat Board, the
New Zealand Dairy Board, and the
Australian Dairy Board;
and
(3) the disciplines should include greater openness in the
operations of the entities
as long as the entities are
subsidized by the foreign
government or have monopolies for
exports of a commodity that
are sanctioned by the foreign
government.
SEC. 283. <<NOTE: 22 USC 288 note.>> INTERNATIONAL
COTTON ADVISORY
COMMITTEE.
(a) <<NOTE: President.>> In General.--The President
shall ensure
that the Government of the United States participates as a full member
of the International Cotton Advisory Committee.
(b) Representation by the Secretary.--The Secretary
of Agriculture
shall represent the Government of the United States as a member of
the
International Cotton Advisory Committee and shall delegate the primary
responsibility to represent the Government of the United States to
appropriately qualified individuals.